Microfinance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Microfinance - Essay Example The government gains significantly as its efforts to improve the living standards of its citizens are boosted through the efforts of microfinance. Lastly, for microfinance that goes public, stockholders are another major stakeholder and their concern is gaining dividends from their shares. There is no one stakeholder that may be considered more important than the others. Microfinance charges very high-interest rates but paid over a very short period of time. The rates are multiple times higher than even those charged by contemporary commercial banks. Further, the rate of repayment is extremely high despite not being secured tangible. This ensures that through the issuance of loans, microfinance is able to make huge profits which sustain them. To deal with life cycle issues, microfinance offer loans with different interest rates. For those who are extremely poor and unable to pay interests, they are given loans with no interest charged. This helps them to build business stamina, especially during hard economic times. One governance mechanism that microfinance use is social security in loans issuance. Since members are poor and do not have property to offer as security against loans to be acquired, collateral for borrowed money is assured intangible communally. As such loans are acquired only through groups. Each member of a group is liable for a loan borrowed and this alone provides an impetus for a member to persuade each other to pay their share of the loan without defaulting.

Factores affecting drivers behaviour at major and minor junctios ( Essay

Factores affecting drivers behaviour at major and minor junctios ( literature review , collection and analysis of datas ) - Essay Example Crossroads are then discussed within the same design and control framework, with indications of the methods used for controlling traffic though the major/minor priority areas. The next topic to be considered is the matter of multilevel road junctions – intersections: over- and underpasses – and the influence of the additional factors such as road works, the road surface, the weather and darkness. There are many government surveys which address a wide variety of geometric and other factors which can affect the speed and ease of passage through the junctions, all of which will affect the vehicle capacity. Junction design in two specific cases, in the UK – T- junctions and crossroads are considered and, where appropriate, the reasons for the design choice are discussed as well as the effect on traffic throughput and capacity. The third component of the narrative to be considered in this exercise is the driver and his/her response to the different stimuli which may contribute to his/her ability to drive safely. There are essentially three main categories (1) those which are permanent or semi-permanent; such as state of health, tiredness, influence of drugs or alcohol, age and gender (2) distractions, generally intermittent, which arise from activities within the car caused either by the driver or passengers (3) distractions which are external to the car; such as weather, other drivers and signs – whether relative to the road and junctions or advertisements. Drugs have the capacity to impair the driver’s judgement and give rise to a false degree of self-confidence. Alcohol also impairs the driver’s ability to make coherent and capable decisions, affects reaction speeds, and results in overconfidence. Distractions – both in-car and external - can cause severe lack of concentratio n. External distractions – which are quoted by insurance companies as contributing to a majority of accidents – are a frequent cause of driver lack